แบบจำลองระบบบำบัดหอหล่อเย็นด้วยโอโซนแบบ Sidestream

แบบจำลองทางวิศวกรรมของระบบโอโซน Sidestream แยกอิสระ ครอบคลุมระบบไฮดรอลิกเป็นลำดับ โซนสัมผัส การตอบสนองของอ่างพักน้ำ (Basin) รอบเดินเครื่อง และข้อมูลตัวเลขในรายงาน

หลักเกณฑ์การเปรียบเทียบ: ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง โดย CT_basin = ∫ C_basin(t)dt จากอนุกรมจริง 24 ชั่วโมงชุดเดียวกับ KPI #5 ไม่ใช่ Sidestream Contact CT ไม่มีการประมาณค่าหรือปรับแก้อุณหภูมิ การเปรียบเทียบค่า CT เชิงตัวเลขไม่ใช่การรับรองตามกฎหมาย การรับประกันการฆ่าเชื้อ หรือการยืนยันการลดเชื้อ

จุลชีพอ้างอิง

E. coli

Reference Ozone CT: 0.02 mg·min/L
Reference Outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log
Reference Conditions: 5°C · pH 6–7
ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

ESTIMATED TIME TO REFERENCE CT1.0 minTotal elapsed: 1.00 minEquivalent: 0.02 hrEstimated time for modeled Basin CT to accumulate to the published reference CT value.

เปรียบเทียบค่าอ้างอิงเชิงตัวเลขเท่านั้น

REFERENCE CT ACCUMULATED WITHIN MODELED CYCLE

CYCLE POSITIONCycle 1 · 1.0 min into cycleCurrent cycle: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 minReached during: ON period

VIEW BASIS

Organism: E. coli

Reference CT: 0.02 mg·min/L

Reference outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log

Temperature / pH: 5°C · pH 6–7

Source organization: World Health Organization

Source document: Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.7

Reference type: WHO LITERATURE GUIDELINE REFERENCE

Limitations: Applies to the cited water-treatment conditions and suspended organisms; it is not a swimming-pool regulatory standard.

VIEW LIVE CALCULATION

A. Reference CT: 0.02 mg·min/L

B. Modeled concentration source: C_basin(t) from the current open-system Basin simulation — the same equations and state trajectory used by KPI #5.

C. Cumulative Basin exposure: CT_basin(t) = ∫ C_basin(τ)dτ

D. Initial 24-hour result: CT_basin,24h = 32.5791 mg·min/L

E. Continued integration: Preserve the hour-24 state and continue the current ON/OFF model for up to 168 h.

F. Threshold search: Find the first integrated point where CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference, resolving the crossing inside the trapezoidal timestep.

Reference CT: 0.020 mg·min/L

Cumulative Basin CT search: first time CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference

Initial 24-hour Basin CT: 32.5791 mg·min/L

Total elapsed: 0.9963 min

Equivalent: 0.02 hr

Converted time: 1.0 min

Cycle length: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 min

Complete cycles elapsed: floor(0.9963 ÷ 90) = 0

Time into current cycle: 0.9963 mod 90 = 1.00 min

Cycle position: Cycle 1 · 1.00 min into cycle

Reached during: ON period

Average-C approximation only: CT_reference ÷ C_basin,24h,avg ≈ 0.88 min

Actual method: first cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) crossing

ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

Secondary Numerical CT Ratio: 2.0362 ÷ 0.020 = 101.81×

This ratio compares numerical CT magnitude only.

Reference temperature: 5°C

Current water temperature: 30.0°C

Current water pH: 7.50

Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Interpretation: Estimated time is a numerical Basin CT accumulation comparison only and is not a validated microbial inactivation prediction under current site conditions.

Source / reference basis: World Health Organization · Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.7

จุลชีพอ้างอิง

Poliovirus 1

Reference Ozone CT: 0.10–0.20 mg·min/L
Reference Outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log
Reference Conditions: 5°C · pH 6–7
ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

ESTIMATED TIME TO REFERENCE CT4.9–9.7 minTotal elapsed: 4.93–9.75 minEquivalent: 0.08 hr–0.16 hrEstimated time for modeled Basin CT to accumulate to the published reference CT value.

เปรียบเทียบค่าอ้างอิงเชิงตัวเลขเท่านั้น

REFERENCE CT ACCUMULATED WITHIN MODELED CYCLE

CYCLE POSITIONLower reference: Cycle 1 · 4.9 min into cycleUpper reference: Cycle 1 · 9.7 min into cycleCurrent cycle: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 minReached during: lower ON / upper ON

VIEW BASIS

Organism: Poliovirus 1

Reference CT: 0.10–0.20 mg·min/L

Reference outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log

Temperature / pH: 5°C · pH 6–7

Source organization: World Health Organization

Source document: Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.7

Reference type: WHO LITERATURE GUIDELINE REFERENCE

Limitations: Applies to the cited water-treatment conditions and suspended organisms; it is not a swimming-pool regulatory standard.

VIEW LIVE CALCULATION

A. Reference CT: 0.10–0.20 mg·min/L

B. Modeled concentration source: C_basin(t) from the current open-system Basin simulation — the same equations and state trajectory used by KPI #5.

C. Cumulative Basin exposure: CT_basin(t) = ∫ C_basin(τ)dτ

D. Initial 24-hour result: CT_basin,24h = 32.5791 mg·min/L

E. Continued integration: Preserve the hour-24 state and continue the current ON/OFF model for up to 168 h.

F. Threshold search: Find the first integrated point where CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference, resolving the crossing inside the trapezoidal timestep.

Lower reference CT: 0.100 mg·min/L

Cumulative Basin CT search: first time CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference

Initial 24-hour Basin CT: 32.5791 mg·min/L

Total elapsed: 4.9320 min

Equivalent: 0.08 hr

Converted time: 4.9 min

Cycle length: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 min

Complete cycles elapsed: floor(4.9320 ÷ 90) = 0

Time into current cycle: 4.9320 mod 90 = 4.93 min

Cycle position: Cycle 1 · 4.93 min into cycle

Reached during: ON period

Average-C approximation only: CT_reference ÷ C_basin,24h,avg ≈ 4.42 min

Actual method: first cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) crossing

Upper reference CT: 0.200 mg·min/L

Cumulative Basin CT search: first time CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference

Initial 24-hour Basin CT: 32.5791 mg·min/L

Total elapsed: 9.7483 min

Equivalent: 0.16 hr

Converted time: 9.7 min

Cycle length: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 min

Complete cycles elapsed: floor(9.7483 ÷ 90) = 0

Time into current cycle: 9.7483 mod 90 = 9.75 min

Cycle position: Cycle 1 · 9.75 min into cycle

Reached during: ON period

Average-C approximation only: CT_reference ÷ C_basin,24h,avg ≈ 8.84 min

Actual method: first cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) crossing

ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

Secondary Numerical CT Ratio: 2.0362 ÷ 0.200 = 10.18× to 2.0362 ÷ 0.100 = 20.36×

This ratio compares numerical CT magnitude only.

Reference temperature: 5°C

Current water temperature: 30.0°C

Current water pH: 7.50

Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Interpretation: Estimated time is a numerical Basin CT accumulation comparison only and is not a validated microbial inactivation prediction under current site conditions.

Source / reference basis: World Health Organization · Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.7

จุลชีพอ้างอิง

Giardia lamblia

Reference Ozone CT: 0.63 mg·min/L
Reference Outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log
Reference Conditions: 15°C · pH 6–9
ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

ESTIMATED TIME TO REFERENCE CT29.4 minTotal elapsed: 29.38 minEquivalent: 0.49 hrEstimated time for modeled Basin CT to accumulate to the published reference CT value.

เปรียบเทียบค่าอ้างอิงเชิงตัวเลขเท่านั้น

REFERENCE CT ACCUMULATED WITHIN MODELED CYCLE

CYCLE POSITIONCycle 1 · 29.4 min into cycleCurrent cycle: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 minReached during: ON period

VIEW BASIS

Organism: Giardia lamblia

Reference CT: 0.63 mg·min/L

Reference outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log

Temperature / pH: 15°C · pH 6–9

Source organization: World Health Organization

Source document: Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Third Edition incorporating the First and Second Addenda · Table 7.6

Reference type: WHO LITERATURE GUIDELINE REFERENCE

Limitations: No automatic temperature interpolation is applied. The cited CT is condition-specific.

VIEW LIVE CALCULATION

A. Reference CT: 0.63 mg·min/L

B. Modeled concentration source: C_basin(t) from the current open-system Basin simulation — the same equations and state trajectory used by KPI #5.

C. Cumulative Basin exposure: CT_basin(t) = ∫ C_basin(τ)dτ

D. Initial 24-hour result: CT_basin,24h = 32.5791 mg·min/L

E. Continued integration: Preserve the hour-24 state and continue the current ON/OFF model for up to 168 h.

F. Threshold search: Find the first integrated point where CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference, resolving the crossing inside the trapezoidal timestep.

Reference CT: 0.630 mg·min/L

Cumulative Basin CT search: first time CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference

Initial 24-hour Basin CT: 32.5791 mg·min/L

Total elapsed: 29.3834 min

Equivalent: 0.49 hr

Converted time: 29.4 min

Cycle length: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 min

Complete cycles elapsed: floor(29.3834 ÷ 90) = 0

Time into current cycle: 29.3834 mod 90 = 29.38 min

Cycle position: Cycle 1 · 29.38 min into cycle

Reached during: ON period

Average-C approximation only: CT_reference ÷ C_basin,24h,avg ≈ 27.85 min

Actual method: first cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) crossing

ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

Secondary Numerical CT Ratio: 2.0362 ÷ 0.630 = 3.23×

This ratio compares numerical CT magnitude only.

Reference temperature: 15°C

Current water temperature: 30.0°C

Current water pH: 7.50

Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Interpretation: Estimated time is a numerical Basin CT accumulation comparison only and is not a validated microbial inactivation prediction under current site conditions.

Source / reference basis: World Health Organization · Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Third Edition incorporating the First and Second Addenda · Table 7.6

จุลชีพอ้างอิง

Cryptosporidium

Reference Ozone CT: 4.40 mg·min/L
Reference Outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log
Reference Conditions: 22°C · pH not stated
ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

ESTIMATED TIME TO REFERENCE CT3 hr 16 minTotal elapsed: 195.75 minEquivalent: 3.26 hrEstimated time for modeled Basin CT to accumulate to the published reference CT value.

เปรียบเทียบค่าอ้างอิงเชิงตัวเลขเท่านั้น

REFERENCE CT ACCUMULATED ACROSS MODELED CYCLES

CYCLE POSITIONCycle 3 · 15.7 min into cycleOperating-cycle equivalent: 2 complete cycles + 15.7 minCurrent cycle: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 minReached during: ON period

VIEW BASIS

Organism: Cryptosporidium

Reference CT: 4.40 mg·min/L

Reference outcome: 99% inactivation · 2-log

Temperature / pH: 22°C · pH not stated

Source organization: World Health Organization

Source document: Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.9

Reference type: WHO LITERATURE REFERENCE

Limitations: Not a universal ozone CT standard. Published CT values vary with temperature, study method and analytical endpoint.

VIEW LIVE CALCULATION

A. Reference CT: 4.40 mg·min/L

B. Modeled concentration source: C_basin(t) from the current open-system Basin simulation — the same equations and state trajectory used by KPI #5.

C. Cumulative Basin exposure: CT_basin(t) = ∫ C_basin(τ)dτ

D. Initial 24-hour result: CT_basin,24h = 32.5791 mg·min/L

E. Continued integration: Preserve the hour-24 state and continue the current ON/OFF model for up to 168 h.

F. Threshold search: Find the first integrated point where CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference, resolving the crossing inside the trapezoidal timestep.

Reference CT: 4.400 mg·min/L

Cumulative Basin CT search: first time CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference

Initial 24-hour Basin CT: 32.5791 mg·min/L

Total elapsed: 195.7457 min

Equivalent: 3.26 hr

Converted time: 3 hr 16 min

Cycle length: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 min

Complete cycles elapsed: floor(195.7457 ÷ 90) = 2

Time into current cycle: 195.7457 mod 90 = 15.75 min

Cycle position: Cycle 3 · 15.75 min into cycle

Reached during: ON period

Average-C approximation only: CT_reference ÷ C_basin,24h,avg ≈ 194.48 min

Actual method: first cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) crossing

ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

Secondary Numerical CT Ratio: 2.0362 ÷ 4.400 = 0.46×

This ratio compares numerical CT magnitude only.

Reference temperature: 22°C

Current water temperature: 30.0°C

Current water pH: 7.50

Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Interpretation: Estimated time is a numerical Basin CT accumulation comparison only and is not a validated microbial inactivation prediction under current site conditions.

Source / reference basis: World Health Organization · Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.9

จุลชีพอ้างอิง

Legionella pneumophila

Reference Ozone CT: 6.00 mg·min/L
Reference Outcome: approximately 99.99–99.999% inactivation · 4–5 log
Reference Conditions: Temperature not stated · pH not stated
ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

ESTIMATED TIME TO REFERENCE CT4 hr 25 minTotal elapsed: 264.69 minEquivalent: 4.41 hrEstimated time for modeled Basin CT to accumulate to the published reference CT value.

เปรียบเทียบค่าอ้างอิงเชิงตัวเลขเท่านั้น

REFERENCE CT ACCUMULATED ACROSS MODELED CYCLES

CYCLE POSITIONCycle 3 · 84.7 min into cycleOperating-cycle equivalent: 2 complete cycles + 84.7 minCurrent cycle: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 minReached during: OFF period

VIEW BASIS

Organism: Legionella pneumophila

Reference CT: 6.00 mg·min/L

Reference outcome: approximately 99.99–99.999% inactivation · 4–5 log

Temperature / pH: Temperature not stated · pH not stated

Source organization: World Health Organization

Source document: Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Second Edition, Volume 2: Health Criteria and Other Supporting Information · Legionella chapter · Ozone discussion

Reference type: DERIVED LITERATURE EXPOSURE

Limitations: WHO reports that ozone eradication results in real water systems remain ambiguous and that adequate residual/contact time may be difficult to maintain.

VIEW LIVE CALCULATION

A. Reference CT: 6.00 mg·min/L

B. Modeled concentration source: C_basin(t) from the current open-system Basin simulation — the same equations and state trajectory used by KPI #5.

C. Cumulative Basin exposure: CT_basin(t) = ∫ C_basin(τ)dτ

D. Initial 24-hour result: CT_basin,24h = 32.5791 mg·min/L

E. Continued integration: Preserve the hour-24 state and continue the current ON/OFF model for up to 168 h.

F. Threshold search: Find the first integrated point where CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference, resolving the crossing inside the trapezoidal timestep.

Reference CT: 6.000 mg·min/L

Cumulative Basin CT search: first time CT_basin(t) ≥ CT_reference

Initial 24-hour Basin CT: 32.5791 mg·min/L

Total elapsed: 264.6861 min

Equivalent: 4.41 hr

Converted time: 4 hr 25 min

Cycle length: 60 min ON + 30 min OFF = 90 min

Complete cycles elapsed: floor(264.6861 ÷ 90) = 2

Time into current cycle: 264.6861 mod 90 = 84.69 min

Cycle position: Cycle 3 · 84.69 min into cycle

Reached during: OFF period

Average-C approximation only: CT_reference ÷ C_basin,24h,avg ≈ 265.20 min

Actual method: first cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) crossing

ค่า CT ของ Basin จากแบบจำลอง / หนึ่งรอบสมบูรณ์: 2.0362 mg·min/L

Secondary Numerical CT Ratio: 2.0362 ÷ 6.000 = 0.34×

This ratio compares numerical CT magnitude only.

Reference temperature: Not stated

Current water temperature: 30.0°C

Current water pH: 7.50

Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Interpretation: Estimated time is a numerical Basin CT accumulation comparison only and is not a validated microbial inactivation prediction under current site conditions.

Source / reference basis: World Health Organization · Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Second Edition, Volume 2: Health Criteria and Other Supporting Information · Legionella chapter · Ozone discussion

Engineering Design Basis & Limitations

C-sub / Contact Inlet C

BES Preliminary Design Target ≥ 0.50 mg/L

Contact concentration target only. It does not verify whole-system ozone capacity.

Contact CT

BES Preliminary Design Target ≥ 1.00 mg·min/L

Contact Outlet C × T10. This is a BES preliminary contact-process design target, not a Pool exposure target or regulatory requirement. Any organism-specific comparison requires an approved, explicitly provenanced reference dataset and defined operating conditions.

Sidestream Hydraulic Turnover

BES Preliminary Design Target ≥ 2.00 volumes/day

Q-side × 24 h/day ÷ Basin Volume. The approved Q-side hydraulic runtime is continuous 24 h/day and remains independent from ozone generator duty.

Whole-System Ozone Capacity

Engineering capacity indicator · no approved acceptance target

Daily transferred ozone mass and normalized dose expose equipment scale. They remain separate from contact and hydraulic coverage PASS/FAIL.

PASS means the current applied design meets all three BES preliminary contact and hydraulic coverage targets. It does not by itself establish final whole-system ozone capacity, equipment suitability, regulatory certification or third-party microbial validation. Final performance depends on actual water quality, ozone demand, hydraulic conditions, operation, commissioning and field verification.

ข้อมูลโครงการและระบบ

ข้อมูลโครงการ

ประเภทระบบ: Cooling Tower
กำลัง Cooling Tower: 200 RT
ปริมาตร Basin: 40 m³
อัตราการไหลหมุนเวียนหลัก CW: 240,000 L/h
สภาพน้ำ: pH 7.5 - TDS 300 mg/L - 30 C

อุปกรณ์โอโซนและตารางเดินเครื่อง

รุ่นที่เลือก: OWS-1
จำนวนชุดที่ใช้: 1
กำลังผลิตต่อชุด: 1,000 mg/h
กำลังผลิตรวมตามพิกัด: 1,000 mg/h
MTE: 60%
กำลัง O₃ ที่ถ่ายเท: 600 mg/h
ช่วงเวลาเดินระบบ: 24 h/day
เปิด / ปิด / หนึ่งรอบ: 60 / 30 / 90 min
สัดส่วนเวลาเปิดโอโซน: 66.67%
เวลาเปิดโอโซนจริง: 16.00 h/day

Live Hydraulic Recommendation

รุ่นที่เลือก

OWS-1

จำนวนอุปกรณ์

NOT YET SIZED

จำนวนชุดปัจจุบันที่ประเมิน

Q-side ที่แนะนำ

3,333.33 L/h

Q-sub ที่แนะนำ

1,200 L/h

Recommended Contact Zone

40 L

T10 ที่ต้องการ

2.00 min

ค่า CT ของ Sidestream ที่คาดการณ์

1.00 mg·min/L

สถานะแบบแนะนำ

CONTACT + HYDRAULIC GATE ALIGNED

Current Applied Design

รุ่น / จำนวนชุดที่ใช้

1 x OWS-1

Q-side ปัจจุบัน

3,333.33 L/h

Q-sub ปัจจุบัน

1,200 L/h

โซนสัมผัสปัจจุบัน

40 L

เวลาสัมผัสตามทฤษฎี

2.00 min

T10 ที่ประมาณการ

2.00 min

Comparison Basis

MODELED BASIN CT / OZONE EXPOSURE

Current Cooling Water

30.0 C · pH 7.50

Modeled Basin CT

2.0362 mg·min/L

Evaluation Architecture

Cumulative trapezoidal CT_basin(t) · up to 168 h / 7 days

REFERENCE CONDITION MISMATCH Current Cooling water conditions are compared with organism-specific published conditions. Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED.

ORGANISM

E. coli

Reference Ozone CT: 0.02 mg·min/L
Published Conditions: 5°C · pH 6–7
Estimated Time to Reference CT: 1.0 min
Modeled Source: Current cumulative Basin CT_basin(t) - not Contact CT

REFERENCE CONDITION MISMATCH
Current: 30.0 C · pH 7.50
Published: 5°C · pH 6–7
Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Secondary cycle context: Cycle 1 · 1.0 min · ON period.Source: World Health Organization · Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.7Limitations: Applies to the cited water-treatment conditions and suspended organisms; it is not a swimming-pool regulatory standard.

ORGANISM

Poliovirus 1

Reference Ozone CT: 0.10–0.20 mg·min/L
Published Conditions: 5°C · pH 6–7
Estimated Time to Reference CT: 4.9–9.7 min
Modeled Source: Current cumulative Basin CT_basin(t) - not Contact CT

REFERENCE CONDITION MISMATCH
Current: 30.0 C · pH 7.50
Published: 5°C · pH 6–7
Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Secondary cycle context: Cycle 1 · 4.9 min · ON period. Upper reference: Cycle 1 · 9.7 min.Source: World Health Organization · Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.7Limitations: Applies to the cited water-treatment conditions and suspended organisms; it is not a swimming-pool regulatory standard.

ORGANISM

Giardia lamblia

Reference Ozone CT: 0.63 mg·min/L
Published Conditions: 15°C · pH 6–9
Estimated Time to Reference CT: 29.4 min
Modeled Source: Current cumulative Basin CT_basin(t) - not Contact CT

REFERENCE CONDITION MISMATCH
Current: 30.0 C · pH 7.50
Published: 15°C · pH 6–9
Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Secondary cycle context: Cycle 1 · 29.4 min · ON period.Source: World Health Organization · Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Third Edition incorporating the First and Second Addenda · Table 7.6Limitations: No automatic temperature interpolation is applied. The cited CT is condition-specific.

ORGANISM

Cryptosporidium

Reference Ozone CT: 4.40 mg·min/L
Published Conditions: 22°C · pH not stated
Estimated Time to Reference CT: 3 hr 16 min
Modeled Source: Current cumulative Basin CT_basin(t) - not Contact CT

REFERENCE CONDITION MISMATCH
Current: 30.0 C · pH 7.50
Published: 22°C · pH not stated
Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Secondary cycle context: Cycle 3 · 15.7 min · ON period.Source: World Health Organization · Water Treatment and Pathogen Control · Table 3.9Limitations: Not a universal ozone CT standard. Published CT values vary with temperature, study method and analytical endpoint.

ORGANISM

Legionella pneumophila

Derived Literature Exposure: 6.00 mg·min/L
Published Conditions: Temperature not stated · pH not stated
Estimated Time to Reference CT: 4 hr 25 min
Modeled Source: Current cumulative Basin CT_basin(t) - not Contact CT

REFERENCE CONDITION MISMATCH
Current: 30.0 C · pH 7.50
Published: Temperature not stated · pH not stated
Temperature correction: NOT APPLIED

Secondary cycle context: Cycle 3 · 84.7 min · OFF period.Source: World Health Organization · Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Second Edition, Volume 2: Health Criteria and Other Supporting Information · Legionella chapter · Ozone discussionLimitations: WHO reports that ozone eradication results in real water systems remain ambiguous and that adequate residual/contact time may be difficult to maintain.

WHOLE-SYSTEM OZONE CAPACITY

ENGINEERING CAPACITY INDICATOR - NO APPROVED ACCEPTANCE TARGET

Transferred Capacity1,000 mg/h x 60%= 600 mg/hOzone Duty60 / (60 + 30)= 66.67%Actual Ozone ON Time24.00 h/day x 66.67%= 16.00 h/dayDaily Transferred O3600 mg/h x 16.00 h/day= 9.60 g/dayDaily Transferred O3 Dose9,600.00 mg/day / 40,000 L= 0.24 mg/L/day

แบบจำลองระบบบำบัดหอหล่อเย็นด้วยโอโซนแบบ Sidestream

ความเข้มข้นโอโซนในอ่างพักน้ำ (Basin)

WATER BALANCE SUMMARY

OZONE LOSS BREAKDOWN

C-sub — Contact Inlet C

C-side — Sidestream Return

Engineering Design Basis & Limitations

C-sub / Contact Inlet C

Contact CT

Sidestream Hydraulic Turnover

Whole-System Ozone Capacity

ข้อมูลโครงการและระบบ

ข้อมูลโครงการ

อุปกรณ์โอโซนและตารางเดินเครื่อง

Live Hydraulic Recommendation

Current Applied Design

WHOLE-SYSTEM OZONE CAPACITY INDICATOR

Hydraulic Design Summary

Contact Process Summary

ความเข้มข้นโอโซนในอ่างพักน้ำ (Basin)

ค่า CT สะสม / การรับโอโซนใน Basin

C-sub - ความเข้มข้นขาเข้าโซนสัมผัส

C-side - ความเข้มข้นน้ำกลับจาก Sidestream

WHOLE-SYSTEM OZONE CAPACITY

C-sub Basis

Sidestream Contact CT · CT_sub Basis

Sidestream Turnover Basis

Whole-System Capacity Basis

Basin CT / Cycle Basis

Engineering basis

Design limitations

Engineering Review Items